| Abstract: |
Borehole water represents a critical source of drinking water in many rural regions, particularly in Guinea, where it often serves as the primary supply. However, such water sources are susceptible to contamination from both environmental and anthropogenic activities, potentially posing significant public health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of borehole water consumed in the urban municipality of Boké, with the objective of determining its potability and identifying possible health hazards. The physicochemical parameters assessed included pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and the concentrations of iron, nitrites, and nitrates. Ten (10) borehole water samples were collected from the neighborhoods of Yomboya, Lambagni, Dantaré, Kofiya, and 400 Buildings, areas not supplied by the Guinean Water Utility (SEG). The physicochemical analysis revealed pH values ranging from 4.6 to 7.45, turbidity levels between 0.17 and 4.03 NTU, electrical conductivity from 38 to 255 µS/cm, and total dissolved solids (TDS) ranging from 51.82 to 196.24 mg/L. Nitrate concentrations varied between 5.75 and 23.17 mg/L, nitrite levels ranged from 0.03 to 0.14 mg/L, and iron concentrations were between 0.001 and 0.23 mg/L. Among the ten samples analyzed, 60% demonstrated acceptable microbiological quality. However, samples 6, 9, and 10 exhibited significant fecal contamination, suggesting likely pollution from human or animal sources. Sample 10 was particularly concerning, exhibiting elevated levels of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, fecal streptococci, and mesophilic aerobic flora, rendering the water unsuitable for consumption without prior treatment. Statistical analysis performed using STATA software revealed substantial variability in borehole water quality, underscoring the necessity of regular monitoring and the implementation of corrective measures to ensure consumer health safety. |
